Fundamental Theorem Of AlgebraYou are currentlynot logged in Click here to log in |
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The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra states that a polynomial equation of degree $n$ over the complex numbers has exactly $n$ (possibly duplicated) roots.
Actually the theorem states that a polynomial equation has at least one root. However, the factor theorem says that if $a$ is a root of $p(x)$ then $(x-a)$ is a divisor of $p(x).$ Therefore we can write $p(x)=(x-a)q(x)$ where $q(x)$ is a polynomial of lower degree, and the process can be repeated. Thus we can see that we must have exactly $n$ roots.
From wikipedia:
The fundamental theorem of algebra states that every non-constant single-variable polynomial with complex coefficients has at least one complex root. This includes polynomials with real coefficients, since every real number is a complex number with zero imaginary part. | The theorem is also stated as follows: every non-zero, single-variable, degree n polynomial with complex coefficients has, counted with multiplicity, exactly n roots. The equivalence of the two statements can be proven through the use of successive polynomial division. |
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